I have been self-hosting for a while now with Traefik. It works, but I’d like to give Nginx Proxy Manager a try, it seems easier to manage stuff not in docker.
Edit: btw I’m going to try this out on my RPI, not my hetzner vps, so no risk of breaking anything
I am using nginx on a separate machine (VM) I have yet to try it in docker, I just have not found a reason to change it yet.
I’ve tried npm, caddy and traefik but they are always way more complicated then adding a new config file in nginx…
I feel the others add too much to the docker configs and limit what can be added to the reverse proxy. I have control of access from the nginx server, without having to change the apps configuration.
NPM is the closest to what I would like (only needing the same network in docker) if I go the docker way but for some reason it never works as it should when I configure it. So I am sticking to plain nginx.
I think NGINX has the best reverse proxy
Nginx installed directly, I use nano over ssh to edit configs. Forces you to learn some things and I never moved passed it because it works so well.
If you’re just going to VPN in to your home network, I’ve found caddy to be the simplest.
I tried using PiVPN to route my phone’s Internet access through my home network, but it kept breaking and I found I don’t have a head for networks.
Would caddy be able to do that in an easier to maintain way?
Set up wireguard in a docker container and then forward the port to wireguard, the default container on docker hub is fairly straightforward and you can always ask me for help if you need :).
However, If you are using ipv4, you need to make sure that you’re not behind a CG-NAT (If you think you might be, call your ISP and tell them you have security cameras that need to get out or something like that).
You could also try tailscale which is built using wireguard with nat-busting features and a bit easier to configure (I dont personally use it as wireguard is sufficient for me).
After that Caddy + DNSMasq will simply allow you to map different URLs to IP addresses
dnsmasq
- will let you map, E.g.
my_computer
->192.168.1.64
- will let you map, E.g.
- Caddy (Or nginx, but caddy is simpler)
- will let you map to ports so e.g.:
- with DNS (DNSMasq as above)
http://dokuwiki.my_computer
->http://my_computer:8080
- Without DNS
http://dokuwiki.192.168.1.64
->http://192.168.1.64:8080/
- with DNS (DNSMasq as above)
- will let you map to ports so e.g.:
Caddy and DNSmasq are superfluous, if you’ve got a good memory or bookmarks, you don’t really need them.
VPN back into home is a lot more important. You definitely do not want to be forwarding ports to services you are running, because if you don’t know what you’re doing this could pose a network security risk.
Use the VPN as the entry point, as it’s secure. I also recommend running the VPN in a docker / podman container on an old laptop dedicated just to that, simply to keep it as isolated as you can.
Down the line you could also look into VLan If your router supports that.
I personally would not bother with SSL If you’re just going to be providing access to trusted users who already have access to your home network.
If you are looking to host things, just pay for a digital droplet for $7 a month, It’s much simpler, You still get to configure everything but you don’t expose your network to a security risk.
Caddy all the way!
Seconding Caddy. I’ve been using it for a couple of years now in an LXC and it’s been very easy to setup, edit and run.
Traefik is a PITA.
Caddy all the way. If you build it with Docker support (or grab the prebuilt), you can use docker container names to reverse proxy using names instead of any IP addresses or ports. It’s nice because if the IP updates, so does caddy. All automatically.
Here’s what my caddyfile looks like;
{ acme_dns cloudflare {key} } domain.dev { encode zstd gzip root * /var/www/html/domain.dev/ php_fastcgi unix//run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock tls { dns cloudflare {key} } } *.domain.dev { encode zstd gzip tls { dns cloudflare {key} } @docker host docker.domain.dev handle @docker { encode zstd gzip reverse_proxy {portainer} } @test host test.domain.dev handle @test { encode zstd gzip reverse_proxy 127.0.0.1:10000 } @images host i.domain.dev handle @images { encode zstd gzip reverse_proxy 127.0.0.1:9002 } @proxy host proxy.domain.dev handle @proxy { encode zstd gzip reverse_proxy proxy } @portal host portal.domain.dev handle @portal { encode zstd gzip reverse_proxy portal } @ping host ping.domain.dev handle @ping { encode zstd gzip respond "pong!" } }
DNS hosted by cloudflare but because caddy handles ACME certs, all the subdomains automatically get SSL.
Actually I found traefik rather easy, I just had to make the proper docker labels and config.
PITA
Unrelated, I’m going to sound like a grammar nazi here, but holy shit there are so many acronmys, how am I supposed to know every one of them without googling? Please just say “traefik is a pain in the ass”. Also please don’t take this as a snarky reply.
PITA = pain in the ass.
I never said it was hard. Just a real pain in the ass. Like iptables vs UFW. They’re the same thing, but one is easy and a pain in the ass and the other is just easy… So I opt to make my life easier. lol
I like NPM, it’s simple, but also allows for more complex configs as well if needed. I run it in its own LXC because I have other non-dockerized things that are exposed.
I use Synology integrated reverse proxy, stupidly simple and always works for me (only if IPv6 doesn’t fuck up itself, I can’t fallback to IPv4 because that is CGNATED), if I am missing features that other options have I would like to know :)
I’ve looked at it but never actually given the Synology proxy a go despite using their DNS server. Does it do auto certificate renewal?
Have you considered using a Cloudflare tunnel to bypass the CGNAT? You can do that into a proxy or straight into the service.
Does it do auto certificate renewal?
Yes.
Have you considered using a Cloudflare tunnel to bypass the CGNAT?
I did before when I had some free domain over there, but I don’t think there are any worthy free domains out there anymore, and even when they are cheap, I really don’t need it and don’t feel comfortable to pay for something that I can’t use in its fullest (due to CGNAT).
For example, I am aware cloudflare tunnels can’t be used for a Plex/Video streaming and that is the number 1 service that I want to be exposed to the Internet.
For now I am living with my IPv6 address and the Synology DDNS with the reverse proxy features… My personal fallback are Tailscale and Zerotier.
For a while now I’ve been using either haproxy or nginx depending on my needs. I’ve hit instances with both where the functionality I want is in the paid version.
Nginx from day one. Well documented, it works. If something doesn’t work chances are you are a quick googlefu away from the solution.
This the main reason I switched from traefik, I can have certificates on all my internal stuff and not just on my docker host. I personally love NPM but maybe I’ll give NPMPlus a try, I have never heard of it.
Ok, stupid question from a stupid person: if I have a phone connected to a local WiFi network, and I type in the URL of a subdomain which points make to that same network ie a hosted service on a home server, what route does the data take from the service back to my phone?
Simple question but can be a complex answer. Basically it depends where your phone gets DNS from: if it’s using the ISP DNS (or some other public DNS server) it will resolve the public internet IP of your server and the data will route out to the ISP WAN before being routed back in.
On the other hand you can configure a split DNS system, so say you are using your modem/gateway as your DNS server and it forwards DNS queries up to your ISP (or other) DNS server - a common setup, 1. you can add in a static host entry for your local server. Eg ‘yourservice.yourserverdomain.com = 192.168.1.20 (your server’s LAN IP)’
Now when your phone is on the WiFi and it looks up your server’s address it gets the local IP and routes locally, which will be faster.
If you need more info, search for terms like ‘reverse proxy split DNS best practice’.
Caddy. I started with npm but I realized it was hiding enough stuff that I wasn’t learning anything about managing networking. Caddy is super easy and has lot of sane defaults.
i use nginx proxy manager but im barely getting by. Theres zero useful documentation for setting up custom paths so everyone uses subdomains. I ended up buying my own domain just so i didnt feel guilty spamming freedns lmao.
At that point you might be better off just using Nginx without the gui. SWAG is a nice reverse proxy focused implementation of it.
I spent far too much on my domain (£3.86 for the year) to change course now!
You having a domain or not has no bearing on which of these you use lol
my laziness does though! ill keep that service in mind though :)
npm/npmplus
Stick with Traefik if you’ve figured it out. It’s much more powerful than NPM in my opinion. If you insist on using NPM, you might want to try NPMPlus, it has more bells and whistles and is more actively maintained.
Yeah I’ll stick with Traefik, I know how to use it